Delinquency rate (30+/90+ DPD)

Formula

Balances past due / total balances

Unit

%

Models

Fintech

What it is

Delinquency rate measures the share of loan balances that are past due by a specified number of days — commonly 30+ days past due (DPD) and 90+ DPD. It is calculated as balances past due divided by total balances outstanding.

How to calculate it

At a given reporting date, sum all outstanding balances that have a payment overdue by 30 or more days (or 90 or more days for the stricter threshold). Divide by total balances outstanding across the portfolio. Express as a percentage. Many institutions track both buckets simultaneously as early- and late-stage delinquency signals.

Why it matters

Delinquency rates are leading indicators of future charge-offs: 30+ DPD buckets give early warning of credit stress, while 90+ DPD balances are typically proxies for likely losses. For fintech lenders and BaaS platforms, regulators and bank partners monitor these metrics closely; breaching covenant thresholds on delinquency can trigger borrowing-facility restrictions.

Benchmarks & pitfalls

The Federal Reserve and CFPB publish quarterly delinquency rate bands by product segment (credit card, auto, mortgage, personal loan) as of 2025. The notes indicate that specific figures are available from those quarterly releases rather than a single fixed benchmark, so practitioners should reference the current-quarter publication for the relevant product and borrower segment. Delinquency definitions vary — ensure that days-past-due counting methodology (calendar days vs. billing cycles) is consistent when comparing across institutions or vintages.